How to install Magento2 on Red Hat/CentOS Machine

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Magento is an open-source e-commerce platform used for CMS Development, E-commerce development and running online store. It is developed by Varian Inc. and written in PHP. In this blog, we will see how to install Magento on a Red Hat Linux Machine.

Steps to install Magento on Red Hat:

Step1: Check System Requirements

  • For best performance, your server must have 4GB of memory.
  • Install the right version of software dependencies. The recommended versions of dependencies according to the Magento version are as below.

Step2: Install the Apache web server, MySQL database and PHP

  • First, update the system.
sudo dnf install && sudo dnf upgrade
  • Install httpd and MySQL with the following command.
sudo dnf install httpd mysql-server -y
  • Enable both services to start at reboot.
sudo systemctl start mysqld httpd
sudo systemctl enable mysqld httpd
  • Next, we need to install PHP and the required extensions. First, add EPEL and REMI repository.
sudo yum -y install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
sudo yum -y install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm
  • Next, install PHP 7.4.
sudo dnf -y install dnf-utils
sudo dnf module reset php -y 
sudo dnf module install php:remi-7.4
  • Install the required PHP extensions.

sudo dnf install php php-cli php-soap php-pdo php-bcmath php-mysqlnd php-opcache php-xml php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-json php-iconv php-zip unzip git -y

  • After installing php, open the php.ini file and make following changes.
allow_url_fopen = On
short_open_tag = On
memory_limit = 512M
upload_max_filesize = 128M
max_execution_time = 3600
date.timezone = UTC

Step3: Create MYSQL database for Magento

  • Use the following command to set the root password and secure your database.
sudo mysql_secure_installation
  • Answer the questions that are prompted.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
  • Login to MYSQL and create a user for Magento.
mysql -u root -p

CREATE USER 'magento2'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
ALTER USER 'magento2'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'magento2'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
exit

  • Now create a database.
mysql -u magento2 -p
CREATE DATABASE magento2;
exit

Step4: Install and configure Elasticsearch

  • Elasticsearch requires Java, so we will first install it. Use the following commands to install Java.
sudo wget https://download.oracle.com/java/17/latest/jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.rpm 
sudo rpm -Uvh jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.rpm
java -version

  • Now for installing elasticsearch, add the following repo.
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
[elasticsearch-7.x]
name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/oss-7.x/yum
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
autorefresh=1
type=rpm-md
EOF
  • Now clear and update the Yum package index.
sudo yum clean all
sudo yum makecache
  • Next, install elasticsearch using following command.
sudo yum -y install elasticsearch-oss
  • Confirm installation with the following command.
rpm -qi elasticsearch-oss

  • Now to configure elastic search open the configuration file.
sudo nano /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
  • Uncomment the network host line and make its value to 0.0.0.0 to make it publicly available. Make it 127.0.0.1 to make it available only to your machine.
  • Uncomment http port line.

  • Uncomment discovery.seed_hosts line and make its value 127.0.0.1.

  • To set JVM options like memory limits open the following file.
sudo nano /etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options

  • Use less megabytes of memory if your system has less memory.

  • Use the following command to test if elasticsearch is working or not.
curl -X GET 'http://localhost:9200'
  • You will get the following output if elasticsearch is working.

Magento

Step5: Install composer

  • Use the following command to download the Composer.
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer -o composer-setup.php
  • Use the following command to install Composer.
sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/bin --filename=composer
  • Check the version with the following command.
composer

Magento

Step6: Install Magento2

  • Create an account to Magento2 marketplace and create an access key.

Magento

  • Go to the following directory.
cd /var/www/html
  • Use the following command to create Magento open source project.
sudo composer create-project --repository-url https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition <install-directory-name>
  • Enter public key for username and private key for password.

Magento

  • Now we have to set the required ownership and permission for files and directories. For that first we will create a user and add that user to web server group.
sudo adduser "magento"
sudo passwd "magento"
sudo usermod -a -G "apache" "magento"
sudo systemctl restart httpd.service
  • Now set the required permissions with following commands.
cd /var/www/html/'magento install directory'
sudo find var generated vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type f -exec chmod g+w {} +
sudo find var generated vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type d -exec chmod g+ws {} +
sudo chown -R magento:apache .
sudo chmod u+x bin/magento
  • Use the following command in the Magento directory to install Magento.
php bin/magento setup:install --base-url=<your-domain> --db-host=localhost --db-name=magento2 --db-user=magento2 --db-password=<your-db-password-of-magento2-user> --admin-firstname=Admin --admin-lastname=Admin --admin-email=admin@admin.com --admin-user=admin --admin-password=<your-admin-password> --language=en_US --currency=USD --timezone=America/Chicago --backend-frontname=admin --use-rewrites=1 --search-engine=elasticsearch7 --elasticsearch-host=localhost --elasticsearch-port=9200

Magento

  • Next, create httpd host file.
sudo vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/magento.conf
    • Copy and paste following code there.
    ServerAdmin admin@example.com
ServerName magento2.example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/magento/pub
DirectoryIndex index.php


Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all


ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/magento_error.log
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/magento_access.log combined
    • Restart httpd service.
    sudo systemctl restart httpd
      • Now navigate to the Magento root directory and execute the following commands.
      • For production mode use following command.
    	
sudo php bin/magento deploy:mode:set production
sudo php bin/magento cache:flush
    • For development, mode use the following command.
    sudo php bin/magento deploy:mode:set developer
sudo php bin/magento cache:flush
    • Use following commands to update database and deploy static files.
    sudo chmod -R 777 var pub/static generated generated/
sudo php bin/magento indexer:reindex
sudo php bin/magento setup:upgrade
sudo php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy -f
sudo php bin/magento cache:flush
    • Run following command to install Magento cron jobs.
    sudo bin/magento cron:install
    • Go to your browser and access Magento with the server name.

    • Use the following command in the Magento root directory to disable two-factor authentication for admin login.
    sudo php bin/magento module:disable Magento_TwoFactorAuth
    • Access admin panel with following url.
    http://server_name/admin

    Magento

 

Author Details

This blog is written by M/S Checkmate global Technologies software development team. Please reach out to our technical consultant to hire experienced magento developer.

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